About Nipah Virus (NiV)

Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus (transmitted from animals to humans) and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. It causes a range of illnesses from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute respiratory illness and fatal encephalitis.

2026 Outbreak Status (West Bengal)

On 26 January 2026, WHO reported two laboratory-confirmed cases in Barasat, North 24 Parganas. Both patients are healthcare workers. Immediate contact tracing of over 190 individuals has returned negative results so far. This marks the third recorded outbreak in West Bengal (following Siliguri 2001 and Nadia 2007).

Source: WHO Disease Outbreak News (DON593)

Transmission

  • 🦇 Animal-to-Human: Contact with infected bats, pigs, or their fluids.
  • 🍎 Foodborne: Consuming raw date palm sap or fruits bitten by bats.
  • 🤝 Human-to-Human: Close contact with infected persons (especially caregivers).

Key Facts

  • Incubation: 4 to 14 days (up to 45 days reported).
  • Mortality Rate: 40% to 75% (varies by outbreak).
  • Treatment: No licensed vaccine. Intensive supportive care only.

History in India

India has experienced past outbreaks, primarily in West Bengal and Kerala. The virus is known for its high case fatality rate and ability to spread in hospital settings if strict infection control is not maintained.

  • 2001 (Siliguri): 66 cases, 45 deaths.
  • 2007 (Nadia): 5 cases, 5 deaths.
  • 2018 (Kerala): 17 deaths, contained effectively.
  • 2026 (Current): 2 confirmed cases in West Bengal. Contacts testing negative (Jan 2026).

Official Sources & Verification

Always rely on official health organizations for critical updates. Click below to verify data direct from source:

WHO Fact Sheet CDC Nipah Hub Kerala DHS Guidelines NIH Research (CFR Study)

Frequently Asked Questions

Is there a Nipah Virus outbreak in 2026?

Yes. As of early 2026, confirmed cases have been reported in West Bengal, India. Authorities are monitoring the situation closely.

How is Nipah Virus transmitted?

NiV spreads through direct contact with infected bats, pigs, or contaminated food (like raw date palm sap), and human-to-human via body fluids.

Where can I see the live map?

You can view the real-time infection map on the NipahTracker.online home page.